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hey well uh welcome into mission control

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houston victory lakes intermediate

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school uh you're joining me

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again mission control houston where

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we're uh controlling all the systems on

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board the international space station

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and i'm joined today by glenda brown

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who's one of our eva operations

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specialists she's responsible for

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training the crews and making sure that

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everything goes smoothly and probably

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one of the most exciting things that our

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astronauts do in that spacewalk so it's

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really exciting stuff

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glenda thanks for being here i know i'm

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excited to have you on i hope they are

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too

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sure i'm really happy to be here and

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looking forward to all your great

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question questions

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all right well why don't we go ahead and

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get started you guys can go ahead and

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why did the president stop the space

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shuttle missions

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why did the president stop the space

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shuttle missions well you know that one

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is a tough one so here's the deal um

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president bush um

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put out a request for a report got a

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bunch of experts together on all things

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having to do with nasa so that's the

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interplanetary work that we do all of

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the mission to earth stuff which is like

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the satellites that look back at the

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weather on earth

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um all the programs having to do with um

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any of the exploration that we do

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including the manned space flight

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program

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and he commissioned this report to be

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done to see how much each thing cost and

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then how much benefit we get back from

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each of the things

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and

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what the results of that report were was

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that in order to do our exploration of

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sending people on

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to

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the moon or mars or an asteroid in order

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to have enough money to do that we would

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have to cut back on something else they

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looked around at all of the cost of all

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of the projects and it turns out that

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the space shuttle program was costing a

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lot of money more and more each year

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because the shuttles were getting pretty

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old and we were having to refurbish

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those

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so in order to come up with enough money

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that we could go on and do exploration

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they decided to cut the space shuttle

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program

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and in order to do that they had to make

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sure we had another way to get to the

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international space station because we

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have international partners now all

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around the world we could ask the

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russians if they would be willing to

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take us to the space station and

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certainly for a certain cost they would

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be able to provide that service to us

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and at the same time we were able to

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turn on all the exploration money to

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start working on producing our own way

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to get back to the stars and we've

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commissioned several commercial

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companies to go and build

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another vehicle that'll take us back to

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the international space station

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and then take that same vehicle and

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launch it off further to the next prog

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project that we're going to do it's

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really the shuttle you know designed

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only to be in low earth orbit so just a

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few hundred miles off the earth's

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surface we want to go tens and hundreds

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of thousands and millions of miles away

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so we need a new vehicle and we couldn't

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do that while we still have the shuttle

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does that make sense

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is there a certain plant that can

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sustain life in space

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can you speak up just a little bit i

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just couldn't hear that

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you haven't talked really well is there

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a certain type of plant that can sustain

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life in space

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um

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well so uh on the international space

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station we are already doing all kinds

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of uh plant growth experiments to see

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what grows in zero gravity and it turns

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out almost all kinds of plants will grow

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in zero gravity as long as they have an

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environment and a subsequent substrate

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to grow on meaning some dirt or

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something that they can you can plant

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the seed in and then it can grow and it

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just needs light and water like here on

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earth and it'll grow just fine i know

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don pettit right now is growing quite a

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few plants he's got a cucumber and a

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broccoli and i think some sunflowers

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growing on board the station right now

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and uh he's been doing a pretty funny

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blog where he's talking from the

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perspective of the cucumber as it uh

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goes on as a crew member on board the

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international space station so yeah i

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mean quite a diverse plant life can

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actually exist in space

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how long can a person live in space

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now i'm going to assume that you

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understand that you have to have an

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environment in space so you have to have

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air around you in a pressurized

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environment

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and as long as you have that

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we think that you can live as long as

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you can here on earth but there you have

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to take some preventative measures you

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have to make sure that you're exercising

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because the ground the earth isn't

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pulling on your system it's not

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compressing your bones the way it is

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here on earth and so what we see on

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orbit is a loss of bone mass in the

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bones

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and we can measure that when crew

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members come back from space so we've

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implemented an exercise program with a

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resistive exercise program that

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basically looks like a

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a weight lift system on

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on steroids

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so they put it on a little

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i think it's a hydraulic kind of system

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or maybe a spring kind of system

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that

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pushes down on the crew member on on his

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uh arms and shoulders while he's also

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pushing away on his feet and that

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creates some uh effective gravity and

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that's what keeps their bones strong and

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we're finding some great success with

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that

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yep i've heard i mean the astronauts are

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exercising like two hours a day every

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single day of the week so some of them

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are actually saying they're coming down

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and was stronger yeah that's absolutely

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true

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all right next question guys

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what do people do at mission control now

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that the shuttle program is no longer

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running

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i'm sorry oh what to what are we doing

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mission control now oh well we still

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have the international space station

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which is uh beyond world-class we'll

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call it a uniqlo

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universe class

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science platform we can do all kinds of

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laboratory experiments up there

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and in order to maintain that laboratory

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system we have to maintain

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the electricity coming in so we have to

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manage all the power systems

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we have to provide an environment for

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the crew members so we have to monitor

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the temperature and the

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the pressure inside the vehicle as well

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as the oxygen balance you need to have a

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good balance of oxygen just like here on

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the ground

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so we have to monitor all of those and

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then we have to maintain all of those

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systems as well so

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we keep really busy maintaining the

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spacesuits so that we can go outside and

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either take a science experiment outside

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bring it back in or maintain the system

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so for example if the big batteries

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that are powered by the solar arrays if

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those were to fail

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we would have to go outside and change

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out the big box that was broken and in

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order to do that we have to maintain our

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spacesuits and be ready all times

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so that's what's keeping me really busy

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there's a lot of maintenance that has to

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be done on the spacesuits to get ready

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as well as training all of the

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astronauts to be ready to do that here

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on the ground so we're really busy here

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at uh johnson space center taking care

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of all those things at the same time all

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around the the entire

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nation we've got people that are working

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on planetary exploration mission to

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planet earth stuff trying to figure out

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how we're going to get more data about

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the earth and um and then planning the

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next um

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manned space flights um on to

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mars and beyond and in terms of just you

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know mission control here which is where

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again we're sitting right now all the

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men and women in this room are actually

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controlling the majority the systems on

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board the station it's kind of like a

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big remote control vehicle so even

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though it's you know 240 miles away at

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any one time and traveling at 17 000

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miles an hour people at these computer

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systems are actually what are

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controlling it and kind of flying it so

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yeah mission control is still manned 24

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7 365 so there's still a lot of work

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being done here

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do astronauts get sick the first time

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going up into space or does this happen

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often

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do astronauts get sick when they go to

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space well the answer to that is yes

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mostly and but it only happens right at

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the beginning um have you guys studied

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about the vestibular system and and how

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we have a little

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organ in our ears that helps keep our

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balance

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the way that works is they're i think of

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them as little hairs that are inside

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that your vestibular inside your inner

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ear and there's some fluid in there and

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it is always

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testing how how straight we're standing

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up

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well that fluid needs gravity to work

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and when you get to space it doesn't

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have that anymore so your brain thinks

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it doesn't know where you are and just

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like when you're on a crazy roller

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coaster ride

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you've been up there way too long doing

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them over and over and over again you

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start to feel sick because your

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vestibular system isn't working and on

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the opposite side of that i was just

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talking to one of the astronauts that

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came back from a mission not long ago

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and he said

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that

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quickly it kind of turns off those

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senses and so after a few hours um maybe

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just a few minutes you start to feel

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better maybe it takes a couple of days

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but then on the other side of it when

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you come back from space your brain has

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to relearn that so going for a bike ride

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that first day is right out because

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you'd fall right over because your brain

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hasn't relearned how to balance i've

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heard stories of astronauts come down

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and they fall asleep and they get up to

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maybe get a drink of water and they get

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out of bed and they think they're just

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going to float away and then they

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realize oh i'm not floating they just

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kind of fall to the ground so it can be

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00:09:58,949 --> 00:09:57,519
a bit of an adjustment yeah yeah and

282
00:10:00,710 --> 00:09:58,959
that's all that microgravity that

283
00:10:02,069 --> 00:10:00,720
they're exposed to

284
00:10:03,670 --> 00:10:02,079
lots of fun for them but a little

285
00:10:04,630 --> 00:10:03,680
difficult sometimes yeah really good

286
00:10:10,069 --> 00:10:04,640
question

287
00:10:11,190 --> 00:10:10,079
how heavy are spacesuits on earth and on

288
00:10:13,590 --> 00:10:11,200
the moon

289
00:10:15,030 --> 00:10:13,600
how much do our spacesuits wear wait

290
00:10:17,670 --> 00:10:15,040
okay well i'm going to answer that in a

291
00:10:20,470 --> 00:10:17,680
couple of different ways um let's just

292
00:10:22,150 --> 00:10:20,480
to give you um so overall by the time

293
00:10:24,550 --> 00:10:22,160
you put the spacesuit on and you have

294
00:10:26,790 --> 00:10:24,560
the person inside and you have all of

295
00:10:28,310 --> 00:10:26,800
the tools that they need for their job

296
00:10:31,350 --> 00:10:28,320
um

297
00:10:33,910 --> 00:10:31,360
they weigh about 800 pounds here on the

298
00:10:36,150 --> 00:10:33,920
ground so you can imagine there's no way

299
00:10:37,829 --> 00:10:36,160
that a person could carry that much

300
00:10:39,750 --> 00:10:37,839
weight around so when we're doing

301
00:10:41,670 --> 00:10:39,760
training here on the ground we'll go out

302
00:10:43,750 --> 00:10:41,680
to the neutral buoyancy laboratory so

303
00:10:45,190 --> 00:10:43,760
that they can float and do the work in

304
00:10:46,389 --> 00:10:45,200
the water just like they would be doing

305
00:10:49,190 --> 00:10:46,399
it in space

306
00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:49,200
so that's how we create that negative

307
00:10:52,710 --> 00:10:51,600
weight or that neutral weight so like

308
00:10:54,310 --> 00:10:52,720
you would be in space you'd be

309
00:10:56,949 --> 00:10:54,320
weightless that's how we demonstrate

310
00:10:59,269 --> 00:10:56,959
that in the neutral buoyancy laboratory

311
00:11:01,750 --> 00:10:59,279
so then when you take that 800 pounds to

312
00:11:04,069 --> 00:11:01,760
space we'll talk about that first

313
00:11:06,389 --> 00:11:04,079
there's very very little gravity in

314
00:11:07,829 --> 00:11:06,399
space microgravity is what we call it

315
00:11:09,670 --> 00:11:07,839
and it's not enough that you really

316
00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:09,680
weigh anything at all

317
00:11:15,030 --> 00:11:12,880
and then when you go on to the moon the

318
00:11:17,670 --> 00:11:15,040
moon is a lot smaller than the earth it

319
00:11:20,150 --> 00:11:17,680
has a smaller mass so what that means is

320
00:11:23,030 --> 00:11:20,160
gravity is a lot less on the moon it's

321
00:11:24,470 --> 00:11:23,040
about one-sixth that amount of earth

322
00:11:26,949 --> 00:11:24,480
so can you guys do the math in your

323
00:11:28,389 --> 00:11:26,959
heads real quick what is one-sixth of

324
00:11:30,310 --> 00:11:28,399
eight hundred

325
00:11:32,630 --> 00:11:30,320
is everybody doing it

326
00:11:35,990 --> 00:11:32,640
anybody know

327
00:11:38,069 --> 00:11:36,000
the answer is about 133 pounds

328
00:11:39,190 --> 00:11:38,079
and um

329
00:11:40,150 --> 00:11:39,200
of that

330
00:11:42,069 --> 00:11:40,160
um

331
00:11:44,550 --> 00:11:42,079
the crew member weighs about we we just

332
00:11:46,389 --> 00:11:44,560
averaged about 200 pounds and so the

333
00:11:48,790 --> 00:11:46,399
spacesuit without the crew member in it

334
00:11:50,790 --> 00:11:48,800
would weigh 600 pounds so

335
00:11:53,190 --> 00:11:50,800
on the moon it would only weigh 100

336
00:11:56,150 --> 00:11:53,200
pounds so a person or at least two

337
00:11:58,710 --> 00:11:56,160
people together could pick it up very

338
00:12:00,230 --> 00:11:58,720
fascinating stuff it's amazing like the

339
00:12:01,190 --> 00:12:00,240
the size of the objects they can move

340
00:12:03,110 --> 00:12:01,200
when they're up there on the space

341
00:12:04,629 --> 00:12:03,120
station i mean you can see them rotating

342
00:12:06,389 --> 00:12:04,639
racks that weigh hundreds or even

343
00:12:07,750 --> 00:12:06,399
thousands of pounds down here on earth

344
00:12:10,629 --> 00:12:07,760
and they can just kind of toss them

345
00:12:12,230 --> 00:12:10,639
around and it's no problem at all very

346
00:12:15,110 --> 00:12:12,240
very good very good question excellent

347
00:12:19,269 --> 00:12:17,190
what type of job does a person have to

348
00:12:20,870 --> 00:12:19,279
have to become an astronaut

349
00:12:22,550 --> 00:12:20,880
i'm sorry i didn't hear that what type

350
00:12:25,269 --> 00:12:22,560
of job does a person have to have before

351
00:12:27,350 --> 00:12:25,279
they become an astronaut oh okay

352
00:12:29,430 --> 00:12:27,360
almost any kind of job you'll want to

353
00:12:32,230 --> 00:12:29,440
have a good background in math and

354
00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:32,240
science that is most important for

355
00:12:36,790 --> 00:12:34,240
gosh so many jobs

356
00:12:41,430 --> 00:12:39,430
science engineering building and that's

357
00:12:42,629 --> 00:12:41,440
what we need for astronauts they have to

358
00:12:45,030 --> 00:12:42,639
be able to perform the science

359
00:12:47,670 --> 00:12:45,040
experiments they need to be able to run

360
00:12:49,430 --> 00:12:47,680
their is their systems for their you

361
00:12:51,829 --> 00:12:49,440
know all the breathing air and stuff

362
00:12:53,430 --> 00:12:51,839
that they need all the power systems so

363
00:12:55,350 --> 00:12:53,440
they have to understand some mechanical

364
00:12:56,949 --> 00:12:55,360
stuff and then they also have to

365
00:12:58,389 --> 00:12:56,959
understand how to take care of each

366
00:12:59,590 --> 00:12:58,399
other because they don't have doctor up

367
00:13:01,269 --> 00:12:59,600
there so they have to be their own

368
00:13:02,870 --> 00:13:01,279
doctor so they have to understand some

369
00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:02,880
medical stuff too

370
00:13:05,910 --> 00:13:03,760
so

371
00:13:08,389 --> 00:13:05,920
not everybody has to do every single

372
00:13:11,110 --> 00:13:08,399
thing they do divide the work there so

373
00:13:13,350 --> 00:13:11,120
as long as you get a good education in

374
00:13:16,470 --> 00:13:13,360
any one of those areas and then start to

375
00:13:18,470 --> 00:13:16,480
work in one of those areas for a while

376
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:18,480
then you can apply to be an astronaut

377
00:13:21,190 --> 00:13:19,360
and

378
00:13:23,190 --> 00:13:21,200
they select astronauts every couple

379
00:13:24,870 --> 00:13:23,200
years and there's a

380
00:13:26,710 --> 00:13:24,880
many thousands of people apply and then

381
00:13:28,870 --> 00:13:26,720
they they kind of break that down they

382
00:13:31,110 --> 00:13:28,880
find that the hundred or so that they

383
00:13:34,310 --> 00:13:31,120
think have all the right stuff all the

384
00:13:36,230 --> 00:13:34,320
math science and and um medical

385
00:13:37,990 --> 00:13:36,240
background that that they uh they're

386
00:13:39,829 --> 00:13:38,000
going to need if they need this if

387
00:13:41,430 --> 00:13:39,839
they're short on doctors they might take

388
00:13:43,269 --> 00:13:41,440
more from the medical field doesn't

389
00:13:45,430 --> 00:13:43,279
necessarily mean that they are doctors

390
00:13:47,509 --> 00:13:45,440
but maybe they've done research in the

391
00:13:49,829 --> 00:13:47,519
laboratory on uh

392
00:13:51,189 --> 00:13:49,839
drugs pharmaceuticals or something like

393
00:13:56,150 --> 00:13:51,199
that

394
00:13:58,629 --> 00:13:56,160
the background we've even had a

395
00:14:00,870 --> 00:13:58,639
veterinarian before

396
00:14:03,110 --> 00:14:00,880
let's see we've had lots of different

397
00:14:05,829 --> 00:14:03,120
pilots that have come from the military

398
00:14:08,230 --> 00:14:05,839
and all of them have studied engineering

399
00:14:09,990 --> 00:14:08,240
and a lot of math and science so

400
00:14:11,750 --> 00:14:10,000
definitely all walks of life but with a

401
00:14:13,990 --> 00:14:11,760
focus on that math and science

402
00:14:16,389 --> 00:14:14,000
background yep math science and medical

403
00:14:18,550 --> 00:14:16,399
so any you future astronaut hopefuls

404
00:14:20,389 --> 00:14:18,560
make sure you stick with it if you want

405
00:14:21,910 --> 00:14:20,399
to be an astronaut someday really focus

406
00:14:23,509 --> 00:14:21,920
on your math and science classes

407
00:14:25,030 --> 00:14:23,519
especially in college and your job and

408
00:14:28,150 --> 00:14:25,040
things like that

409
00:14:32,870 --> 00:14:30,230
what happens if somebody like goes crazy

410
00:14:36,790 --> 00:14:34,710
oh i'm just having trouble hearing you

411
00:14:38,870 --> 00:14:36,800
our microphone must not be very good

412
00:14:40,629 --> 00:14:38,880
one more time what happened somebody

413
00:14:43,110 --> 00:14:40,639
goes crazy

414
00:14:46,790 --> 00:14:43,120
what happened

415
00:14:48,710 --> 00:14:46,800
up in space oh okay um well you know i

416
00:14:51,269 --> 00:14:48,720
suppose that's possible just like it is

417
00:14:53,430 --> 00:14:51,279
here on the ground um but the doctors

418
00:14:55,110 --> 00:14:53,440
here on the ground um go through and

419
00:14:56,949 --> 00:14:55,120
there's a selection process where they

420
00:14:59,509 --> 00:14:56,959
kind of look at the psychological

421
00:15:01,350 --> 00:14:59,519
background of the person each individual

422
00:15:04,629 --> 00:15:01,360
person

423
00:15:06,710 --> 00:15:04,639
and they look at family history and then

424
00:15:09,110 --> 00:15:06,720
their history from how they've performed

425
00:15:11,189 --> 00:15:09,120
in their job and so on and how they

426
00:15:14,550 --> 00:15:11,199
handle stressful situations they do a

427
00:15:16,550 --> 00:15:14,560
lot of that kind of testing and

428
00:15:17,990 --> 00:15:16,560
so you're pretty much pre-selected to

429
00:15:20,230 --> 00:15:18,000
have a group of people that aren't going

430
00:15:21,829 --> 00:15:20,240
to have a tendency toward

431
00:15:23,910 --> 00:15:21,839
mental health issues

432
00:15:26,230 --> 00:15:23,920
but say for example you did have someone

433
00:15:27,350 --> 00:15:26,240
because that's possible in any in any

434
00:15:29,670 --> 00:15:27,360
field

435
00:15:31,829 --> 00:15:29,680
they also have they have a kind of a

436
00:15:33,829 --> 00:15:31,839
think of it as a medicine cabinet on

437
00:15:36,069 --> 00:15:33,839
board the international space station

438
00:15:37,590 --> 00:15:36,079
and it has different kinds of drugs that

439
00:15:40,710 --> 00:15:37,600
can treat any different kinds of

440
00:15:42,310 --> 00:15:40,720
situations so the medical officer on

441
00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:42,320
board or the one that's trained most in

442
00:15:47,590 --> 00:15:44,880
that would talk to the surgeons on the

443
00:15:49,430 --> 00:15:47,600
ground the flight surgeons and then

444
00:15:51,910 --> 00:15:49,440
they'd select the medication that would

445
00:15:53,829 --> 00:15:51,920
be applicable for the situation

446
00:15:55,990 --> 00:15:53,839
but i mean these astronauts spend almost

447
00:15:57,590 --> 00:15:56,000
two years together training often in

448
00:15:59,030 --> 00:15:57,600
close quarters and things like that even

449
00:16:01,030 --> 00:15:59,040
before they fly to the international

450
00:16:02,310 --> 00:16:01,040
space station so by the time they get up

451
00:16:04,389 --> 00:16:02,320
there it's almost like their family

452
00:16:05,829 --> 00:16:04,399
already so i mean you might pick them

453
00:16:07,749 --> 00:16:05,839
with your brothers and sisters every

454
00:16:09,189 --> 00:16:07,759
once in a while but you know they're

455
00:16:10,389 --> 00:16:09,199
they're really close by the time they

456
00:16:11,910 --> 00:16:10,399
get up there

457
00:16:14,389 --> 00:16:11,920
yeah we have an excellent group of

458
00:16:16,949 --> 00:16:14,399
astronauts boy i would be uh friends

459
00:16:19,509 --> 00:16:16,959
with any of them any day and as a matter

460
00:16:22,550 --> 00:16:19,519
of fact i'm friends with several of them

461
00:16:24,389 --> 00:16:22,560
all right next question guys

462
00:16:26,949 --> 00:16:24,399
how do astronauts communicate with

463
00:16:29,509 --> 00:16:26,959
family and friends and father in space

464
00:16:31,110 --> 00:16:29,519
oh wow that was a great lead-in wow two

465
00:16:32,470 --> 00:16:31,120
questions that lead right into each

466
00:16:34,710 --> 00:16:32,480
other well you know i mentioned the

467
00:16:36,389 --> 00:16:34,720
flight surgeons they talk to them

468
00:16:38,230 --> 00:16:36,399
almost every day to

469
00:16:39,749 --> 00:16:38,240
see about their health and so on but we

470
00:16:42,150 --> 00:16:39,759
also schedule

471
00:16:43,829 --> 00:16:42,160
family conferences think of it as

472
00:16:45,990 --> 00:16:43,839
skyping so they have a little video

473
00:16:48,870 --> 00:16:46,000
camera up on board and then they have a

474
00:16:50,550 --> 00:16:48,880
two-way link and they can talk to their

475
00:16:53,269 --> 00:16:50,560
families they usually schedule those on

476
00:16:56,150 --> 00:16:53,279
saturdays so that

477
00:16:58,389 --> 00:16:56,160
you know dads can talk to their kids or

478
00:17:00,470 --> 00:16:58,399
husbands can talk to their wives wives

479
00:17:02,150 --> 00:17:00,480
can talk to their husbands

480
00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:02,160
anybody can talk to their parents or

481
00:17:06,630 --> 00:17:04,400
wherever you get it set up so they could

482
00:17:07,829 --> 00:17:06,640
talk to you if you were in their family

483
00:17:09,750 --> 00:17:07,839
you just not right there on your home

484
00:17:11,990 --> 00:17:09,760
computer with the little com the little

485
00:17:14,789 --> 00:17:12,000
uh television that's on or the little

486
00:17:16,630 --> 00:17:14,799
camera yeah the webcam exactly and uh

487
00:17:19,189 --> 00:17:16,640
just exactly like if you were skyping

488
00:17:21,110 --> 00:17:19,199
have all you guys been skyping before if

489
00:17:22,789 --> 00:17:21,120
not you should really check it out set

490
00:17:25,270 --> 00:17:22,799
up a link with your grandparents or

491
00:17:45,590 --> 00:17:25,280
something it's really fun

492
00:17:49,029 --> 00:17:46,950
i'm sorry could he ask that again we

493
00:17:51,029 --> 00:17:49,039
couldn't quite hear

494
00:17:53,510 --> 00:17:51,039
uh i saw that there was a map in the

495
00:17:55,110 --> 00:17:53,520
background of the world

496
00:17:57,909 --> 00:17:55,120
what is that used for

497
00:17:59,669 --> 00:17:57,919
oh you're talking about the world map

498
00:18:01,990 --> 00:17:59,679
well we like to know where the crew is

499
00:18:04,230 --> 00:18:02,000
at all times and so i don't know if you

500
00:18:07,029 --> 00:18:04,240
can quite see it way out there over the

501
00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:07,039
pacific ocean you see that little

502
00:18:10,549 --> 00:18:08,880
let me see

503
00:18:12,549 --> 00:18:10,559
um

504
00:18:14,390 --> 00:18:12,559
yeah there it is way out over the

505
00:18:16,630 --> 00:18:14,400
pacific ocean you can see where the

506
00:18:18,630 --> 00:18:16,640
international space station is right now

507
00:18:21,110 --> 00:18:18,640
and those little wavy lines that are on

508
00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:21,120
there that represents the track

509
00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:24,000
uh on the ground where the space station

510
00:18:28,549 --> 00:18:26,000
is flying over so if people out in the

511
00:18:29,750 --> 00:18:28,559
south pacific we'll look up in the sky

512
00:18:32,470 --> 00:18:29,760
right now

513
00:18:33,750 --> 00:18:32,480
uh oh it's after it's after daylight so

514
00:18:36,310 --> 00:18:33,760
they probably can't see it because the

515
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:36,320
sun's too bright but if you're just

516
00:18:41,270 --> 00:18:38,960
before or just after what we call the

517
00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:41,280
terminator that's where it goes from a

518
00:18:45,350 --> 00:18:43,600
darker color to the lighter color

519
00:18:46,630 --> 00:18:45,360
the sun is shining brightly off the

520
00:18:48,710 --> 00:18:46,640
space station

521
00:18:51,590 --> 00:18:48,720
and you can see it up in this in the

522
00:18:53,510 --> 00:18:51,600
early morning sky or the early evening

523
00:18:54,870 --> 00:18:53,520
sky

524
00:18:56,710 --> 00:18:54,880
so that's where the earth is and then

525
00:18:59,830 --> 00:18:56,720
there's some other circles on there the

526
00:19:02,310 --> 00:18:59,840
other circles represent

527
00:19:03,750 --> 00:19:02,320
different ground stations where we can

528
00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:03,760
talk to the crew from so you see the

529
00:19:08,070 --> 00:19:06,080
ones over russia those are all the ones

530
00:19:10,630 --> 00:19:08,080
where the russian communications system

531
00:19:13,830 --> 00:19:10,640
can talk to the crew and then there are

532
00:19:15,750 --> 00:19:13,840
some bigger squig bigger lines there's

533
00:19:18,549 --> 00:19:15,760
one that kind of

534
00:19:21,270 --> 00:19:18,559
circles over the white line that goes

535
00:19:23,990 --> 00:19:21,280
way around the united you know the north

536
00:19:25,590 --> 00:19:24,000
america south america all of that area

537
00:19:28,950 --> 00:19:25,600
and then there's a yellow one off to the

538
00:19:33,110 --> 00:19:28,960
other side those are where um

539
00:19:35,190 --> 00:19:33,120
uh the tdrs satellite the tracking data

540
00:19:36,870 --> 00:19:35,200
relays the satellite

541
00:19:38,470 --> 00:19:36,880
we bounce signals off of that think of

542
00:19:41,190 --> 00:19:38,480
it like a um

543
00:19:43,110 --> 00:19:41,200
a radio tower for your cell phone it's

544
00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:43,120
the same kind of thing in space there's

545
00:19:47,909 --> 00:19:46,080
a big satellite that we can bounce the

546
00:19:50,830 --> 00:19:47,919
signals off to of and then we can talk

547
00:19:53,990 --> 00:19:50,840
to the crew through that system

548
00:19:54,710 --> 00:19:54,000
yep so

549
00:19:57,110 --> 00:19:54,720
just

550
00:19:59,190 --> 00:19:57,120
pretty much a tracking uh system so we

551
00:20:01,750 --> 00:19:59,200
can see where the uh the crew and the

552
00:20:02,950 --> 00:20:01,760
international space station always are

553
00:20:06,710 --> 00:20:02,960
um

554
00:20:09,190 --> 00:20:06,720
all right any more questions guys

555
00:20:11,510 --> 00:20:09,200
questions you said that

556
00:20:14,230 --> 00:20:11,520
there was a pilot that's gotten from the

557
00:20:16,950 --> 00:20:14,240
military into an astronaut do they have

558
00:20:18,710 --> 00:20:16,960
to be a pilot from the military to go be

559
00:20:20,310 --> 00:20:18,720
an astronaut

560
00:20:22,070 --> 00:20:20,320
do you have to be a pilot to be an

561
00:20:24,149 --> 00:20:22,080
astronaut if you're in the military or

562
00:20:26,230 --> 00:20:24,159
not and the answer to that is no you

563
00:20:28,710 --> 00:20:26,240
don't have to be a pilot it is something

564
00:20:30,470 --> 00:20:28,720
that helps because you know the nasa is

565
00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:30,480
looking for the top candidate so they

566
00:20:35,669 --> 00:20:32,080
want to know that you can operate

567
00:20:37,669 --> 00:20:35,679
complicated equipment so that might be a

568
00:20:39,430 --> 00:20:37,679
plane which is very complicated you have

569
00:20:40,870 --> 00:20:39,440
to know how to follow a checklist

570
00:20:42,470 --> 00:20:40,880
operate it

571
00:20:44,310 --> 00:20:42,480
or it could be

572
00:20:47,350 --> 00:20:44,320
could be stuff in the lab you could be

573
00:20:49,190 --> 00:20:47,360
working in a science lab and

574
00:20:51,110 --> 00:20:49,200
that would show that you can work on

575
00:20:53,590 --> 00:20:51,120
complicated things so it doesn't

576
00:20:55,270 --> 00:20:53,600
necessarily have to be a pilot but

577
00:20:57,830 --> 00:20:55,280
somebody who can demonstrate that they

578
00:20:59,590 --> 00:20:57,840
can do complicated operations

579
00:21:01,350 --> 00:20:59,600
i know a lot of our early astronauts

580
00:21:03,029 --> 00:21:01,360
were test pilots and things like that

581
00:21:04,549 --> 00:21:03,039
but a lot of that was because you know

582
00:21:05,990 --> 00:21:04,559
the stuff they were doing it was very

583
00:21:08,230 --> 00:21:06,000
new it was very dangerous and that's

584
00:21:09,990 --> 00:21:08,240
what test pilots are known for doing

585
00:21:12,149 --> 00:21:10,000
so a lot of your early astronauts were

586
00:21:14,470 --> 00:21:12,159
test pilots and a lot of astronauts even

587
00:21:16,230 --> 00:21:14,480
now still come from the military but you

588
00:21:18,149 --> 00:21:16,240
know since the advent of shuttle and

589
00:21:19,669 --> 00:21:18,159
station and all the experiment work and

590
00:21:22,149 --> 00:21:19,679
the science and the engineering we've

591
00:21:24,149 --> 00:21:22,159
been doing we now have astronauts from

592
00:21:26,149 --> 00:21:24,159
all walks of life so you don't have to

593
00:21:27,430 --> 00:21:26,159
be a test pilot it could help though now

594
00:21:29,510 --> 00:21:27,440
if you're interested in going into the

595
00:21:31,830 --> 00:21:29,520
military though it really will prepare

596
00:21:33,669 --> 00:21:31,840
you for all kinds of things in life so

597
00:21:35,430 --> 00:21:33,679
think about that if you think that you

598
00:21:37,990 --> 00:21:35,440
might want to move on to be an astronaut

599
00:21:40,230 --> 00:21:38,000
or a doctor they'll pay for your school

600
00:21:41,909 --> 00:21:40,240
um anything like that and it's a good

601
00:21:44,789 --> 00:21:41,919
way to serve your country before you get

602
00:21:46,710 --> 00:21:44,799
out there and live the rest of of your

603
00:21:49,270 --> 00:21:46,720
life in whatever career you choose you

604
00:21:53,190 --> 00:21:49,280
can even stay in the military

605
00:21:56,789 --> 00:21:55,270
anybody have a question

606
00:21:58,710 --> 00:21:56,799
do you guys know when your next mission

607
00:22:00,549 --> 00:21:58,720
is going to be do you know where the

608
00:22:02,630 --> 00:22:00,559
next mission will be when the next

609
00:22:04,070 --> 00:22:02,640
mission will be well we're still doing

610
00:22:05,430 --> 00:22:04,080
missions to the international space

611
00:22:07,190 --> 00:22:05,440
station all the time they're actually

612
00:22:09,909 --> 00:22:07,200
going to launch another crew in just

613
00:22:11,350 --> 00:22:09,919
about two weeks from now

614
00:22:12,870 --> 00:22:11,360
so the

615
00:22:14,870 --> 00:22:12,880
international space station missions are

616
00:22:16,789 --> 00:22:14,880
going you know console we've had people

617
00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:16,799
flying in space

618
00:22:20,710 --> 00:22:19,120
for over for more than a decade

619
00:22:23,110 --> 00:22:20,720
continuously you know since the early

620
00:22:25,750 --> 00:22:23,120
2000s we call the mission that's going

621
00:22:28,230 --> 00:22:25,760
on right now increment

622
00:22:29,830 --> 00:22:28,240
it means it's the 31st group of people

623
00:22:31,270 --> 00:22:29,840
to stay on the international space

624
00:22:34,710 --> 00:22:31,280
station we've been manning it

625
00:22:35,750 --> 00:22:34,720
continuously for 31 different crews that

626
00:22:38,630 --> 00:22:35,760
have come and gone from the

627
00:22:40,870 --> 00:22:38,640
international space station so the the

628
00:22:42,310 --> 00:22:40,880
next mission is increment 32 and that's

629
00:22:44,390 --> 00:22:42,320
the one that joe acaba is going to

630
00:22:45,990 --> 00:22:44,400
launch uh on a soyuz vehicle here in

631
00:22:47,350 --> 00:22:46,000
just a couple of weeks

632
00:22:50,789 --> 00:22:47,360
so we're going to keep having lots and

633
00:22:53,830 --> 00:22:50,799
lots of science missions yep

634
00:22:55,110 --> 00:22:53,840
but not there for

635
00:22:56,870 --> 00:22:55,120
that is basically going to be the

636
00:22:58,789 --> 00:22:56,880
international space station oh we're

637
00:23:00,390 --> 00:22:58,799
flying around in space

638
00:23:02,230 --> 00:23:00,400
if there's a question we can't hear it

639
00:23:03,909 --> 00:23:02,240
can you try to speak real loud into the

640
00:23:05,270 --> 00:23:03,919
microphone

641
00:23:11,909 --> 00:23:05,280
another question

642
00:23:16,390 --> 00:23:13,909
is there an age limit to be an astronaut

643
00:23:17,909 --> 00:23:16,400
um not not really basically as long as

644
00:23:20,230 --> 00:23:17,919
you're in you know good physical shape

645
00:23:22,710 --> 00:23:20,240
you can do it i know john glenn famously

646
00:23:25,430 --> 00:23:22,720
flew on the shuttle uh back when he was

647
00:23:27,190 --> 00:23:25,440
i think he was in his late 70s i i

648
00:23:28,710 --> 00:23:27,200
believe and they did um something like

649
00:23:31,110 --> 00:23:28,720
that something like that and they did a

650
00:23:32,789 --> 00:23:31,120
lot of testing on aging and things like

651
00:23:34,789 --> 00:23:32,799
that so there's not really an age limit

652
00:23:37,190 --> 00:23:34,799
to it as long as you're still you know

653
00:23:39,909 --> 00:23:37,200
in a good physical condition you can

654
00:23:41,590 --> 00:23:39,919
withstand the rigors of space flight

655
00:23:42,870 --> 00:23:41,600
well i think that's about all the time

656
00:23:44,470 --> 00:23:42,880
we're going to have for questions today

657
00:23:45,750 --> 00:23:44,480
there are some great questions guys i

658
00:23:47,350 --> 00:23:45,760
hope you enjoyed your time here in

659
00:23:49,029 --> 00:23:47,360
mission control and you were able to

660
00:23:51,110 --> 00:23:49,039
learn a little bit more about what we're

661
00:23:53,029 --> 00:23:51,120
doing here at nasa so again thanks for

662
00:23:54,950 --> 00:23:53,039
your questions thank you for being here

663
00:23:57,269 --> 00:23:54,960
and joining me today it was very

664
00:23:58,950 --> 00:23:57,279
exciting stuff oh i loved it anytime

665
00:24:00,789 --> 00:23:58,960
just give me a call if i can take a

666
00:24:02,230 --> 00:24:00,799
break out from helping the astronauts